![]() Ing mail, this parameter holds the name of the mail file cur‐ Placed in the environment exported to that command. The full pathname used to invoke each command executed and Subsequently, expands to the lastĪrgument to the previous command, after expansion. The shell or shell script being executed as passed in the envi‐ _ At shell startup, set to the absolute pathname used to invoke Set to the filename used to invoke bash, as given by argument The string to be executed, if one is present. With the -c option, then $0 is set to the first argument after Mands, $0 is set to the name of that file. Using the bg builtin (see JOB CONTROL below).Ġ Expands to the name of the shell or shell script. The background, whether executed as an asynchronous command or ! Expands to the process ID of the job most recently placed into In a () subshell, itĮxpands to the process ID of the current shell, not the sub‐ $ Expands to the process ID of the shell. ![]() Tion, by the set builtin command, or those set by the shell Expands to the current option flags as specified upon invoca‐ ? Expands to the exit status of the most recently executed fore‐ # Expands to the number of positional parameters in decimal. When there are no positional parameters, and expand to Parameter is joined with the last part of the original word. Ning part of the original word, and the expansion of the last The expansion of the first parameter is joined with the begin‐ If the double-quoted expansion occurs within a word, The expansion occurs within double quotes, each parameterĮxpands to a separate word. Null, the parameters are joined without intervening Expands to the positional parameters, starting from one. Is unset, the parameters are separated by spaces. Is the first character of the value of the IFS variable. That is, "$*" is equivalent to "$1c$2c.", where c Parameter separated by the first character of the IFS special Quotes, it expands to a single word with the value of each Performed, those words are subject to further word splitting and The expansion is not within double quotes, each positional * Expands to the positional parameters, starting from one. Only be referenced assignment to them is not allowed. The shell treats several parameters specially. From the Special Parameters section of man bash: Special Parameters
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